digital innovation and business management
The rapid development of digital technologies is changing the face of almost all spheres of the economy and social sphere. Key Russian industries are no exception. Many of them are in the trend of world changes, for example, industry and the financial sector. However, some are significantly lagging - and this carries great risks for the country's economy. The HSE ISSEK team of scientists analyzed modern approaches to measuring digital transformation, as well as its characteristic features on the example of the achievements of key sectors of the Russian economy in comparison with foreign experience. The research results are presented in the report "Digital Transformation of Industries: Starting Conditions and Priorities", which was presented at the HSE and Sberbank Discussion Club atXXII April International Scientific Conference. Grow bussiness
What is digital transformation?
At first glance, the concept of "digital transformation" should not raise questions. However, as the authors of the report note, there has not yet been a clear definition of it either in scientific literature, or in international manuals on static measurements, or government documents.
In general, the concept of "digital transformation" (DT) can be interpreted very broadly, and the specific meaning depends on the context of use. “In the company, digital transformation affects production, support and management processes; in the economy - provides ways of interaction between counter parties; in society, it generates new communication formats for solving a whole range of problems, ”explain the researchers of the HSE ISSEK. And within these groups, understanding can be very vague, including in the light of industry specifics. Many researchers consider DH as a process of change (transformation) of established economic and social institutions in connection with the introduction of digital technologies.
The authors of the report propose the following definition of digital transformation - these are qualitative changes in business processes or ways of carrying out economic activities (business models) as a result of the introduction of digital technologies, leading to significant socio-economic effects.
How to Measure Digital Transformation?
Scientists note that digital technologies are developing so rapidly and unpredictably that it makes it almost impossible to foresee the consequences of their spread, especially in the long term. This makes it difficult to measure and describe the digital transformation process as a whole.
In Russia, at the public level, much attention is paid to public policy measures aimed at the digital transformation of the most significant sectors of the economy and social sphere. DH is enshrined as one of the country's national development goals for the period up to 2030. Monitoring the progress of its implementation is carried out based on four indicators:
For a comprehensive quantitative assessment of digital transformation as a phenomenon affecting all spheres of life, this is not enough, the authors note. They provide an example of the comprehensive description and measurement of DH in the OECD's Measuring the Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for the Future. In this work, the DT process is viewed through the prism of the introduction and use of digital technologies - the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cloud solutions, etc. Special attention is paid to the collection and analysis of available information (including big data sets), as well as structural changes in the demand for digital competencies.
From the perspective of the popular evidence-based approach, a request for quantitative assessments of the digital transformation process is usually formed in terms of:
Each of these aspects, in turn, can have its indicators and metrics.
The authors note that identifying and measuring digital transformation is of great importance for the modern world, including due to the spread of fears in society about the safety of personal data and digital privacy, as well as the aforementioned uncertainty of the results of DH.
Over the past few decades, the vast majority of industries have already gone through certain stages associated with the development of new technologies. For example, the spread of the use of computers, the first wave of industrial automation, the emergence of personal computers, the development of the Internet. At the same time, there are certain specificity at the current stage. The authors of the report have identified five key aspects of it.
1. A new round of technological development
Advanced technological areas such as artificial intelligence, robotics, block chain, virtual and augmented reality technologies have become the most important catalyst for a new stage of digital transformation. They provided unique opportunities for solving various problems. As a result, more and more investments are made in next-generation technologies.
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